The detailed specialized examination of the cervix is performed with a special machine which has a microscope, the colposcope, contains a light source and magnifying lenses for a thorough imaging and enlargement of the cervix.
Colposcopy of the cervix is performed in case of pathological findings of the Smear test or even in a pathological clinical picture of the cervix. The pathology of the cervix includes acute or chronic inflammations, results indicative of malformations – precancerous lesions as well as of morphological lesions of the cervix and vagina. After special staining of the cervix with acetic acid solution and Lugol iodine solution, the findings are recorded and the examination is completed with a cervical biopsy, while tissue samples are taken from the pathological areas for histological examination.